Parthenon and Pantheon

Parthenon and Pantheon Name University of the People   Parthenon and Pantheon The Pantheon is a former Roman temple, it was built in 27 BC. It is the best preserved Ancient Roman monument, mostly because it has always been in use since it was built. The Pantheon has the world’s largest unreinforced dome and is also the oldest standing domed structure in Rome. Many historians believe that Emperor Augustus right hand, Agrippa, built the first Pantheon in 27 BC, in the region of Augustus. Since the 7th century, it has been used as a Roman Catholic Church (Pantheon n.d.). On the other hand, Parthenon used to be a temple in the middle of the Acropolis built between 447 BC and 432 BC in Athens. The Parthenon was directed by the Athenian statesman Percilieous and was built by the architects Ictinus and Callicrates. It is considered one of the ancient world’s greatest cultural moments and Greek's greatest architectural accomplishments. The Parthenon is now a museum (Parthenon n.d.). There are many similarities and differences between Pantheon and Parthenon. They were both initially Temples and used for worship. Both of them have 8 columns to support a pediment. Both of them have faced some destruction and rebuilding, However, The Pantheon was built in Rome to celebrate all their Roman gods (Pantheon n.d.). The Parthenon was built in Ancient Greece for their goddess Athena. The pantheon is made of concrete and marble while the foundation of Parthenon is made of limestone and its columns are made of Pentelic marble. The Parthenon pre-dates the Pantheon by about six centuries. The Pantheon is now a Catholic church while the Parthenon was turned into a mosque during the Ottoman Empire. While the Pantheon was saved from looting, many parts of the Parthenon were stolen. The greatest difference between the two is their architectural differences, The Parthenon was a rectangular shaped building surrounded by columns while the Pantheon consists of two parts the dome and the entrance porch. Another difference is that Pantheon is now a church while Parthenon is now a museum (Parthenon n.d.). In the Greek culture, it was common for the Greeks to stands their temples on a platform or stylobate of three steps. The Parthenon reflects this Greek culture as it is also built on a platform of three steps. Greeks were famous for their three type of columns Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Most of their temples and the government building had these columns. We see the Greek culture reflected in the Parthenon, as it is a Doric temple with Ionic architectural features. The platform of the Parthenon measures 69.5 by 30.9 meters, surrounded by Doric columns. Inside the structure of Parthenon, there is the Ionic frieze decoration running around the exterior walls of the cella reflecting its ancient culture (Parthenon n.d.). As the Roman were the first to perfect the dome, the pantheon dome serves as a typical example of its ancient culture. In conclusion, the Parthenon and the Pantheon are both great ancient monuments and need to be reserved. They have many similarities, like their initial use. They were used for worship and differences in time and structure. They were made six centuries apart. They both reflect their culture through their architecture and art and help us better understand the history of the Roman and Greek civilization, culture and religion.   Reference Parthenon (n.d.) In Wikipedia Retrieved on April 25, 2018. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenon Pantheon (n.d.) In Wikipedia Retrieved on April 25, 2018. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantheon,_Rome The Parthenon (7 Oct, 2017) In Way back machine. From https://web.archive.org/web/20151125183649/http://www.reed.edu/humanities/110Tech/Parthenon.html Facts about the Phantom (n.d.) In Romal From http://romeonsegway.com/10-facts-about-the-pantheon/

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